
    Gary Fewless
Key to the Ferns
| 43. Adaxial (upper) surface of blade glabrous, 
        not glandular; basal pinnae often curved toward tip of frond | Gymnocarpium jessoense | 
| 43. Adaxial surface of blade glandular (requires magnification to see); basal pinnae more or less perpendicular to axis of blade and not strongly curved toward tip. | Gymnocarpium robertianum | 
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